Yolk Sac Tumor is a rare and aggressive form of cancer that primarily affects children and young adults. It is also known as endodermal sinus tumor or primitive yolk sac tumor. This tumor arises in the cells that line the yolk sac, which normally provides nourishment to the developing fetus during early pregnancy.
The yolk sac tumor is typically found in the reproductive organs, particularly in the testes of male infants, but it can also occur in the ovaries and other parts of the body. It is classified as a germ cell tumor, meaning it develops from cells that normally give rise to eggs or sperm.
The tumor often presents as a mass or lump in the affected organ and may be associated with symptoms such as pain, swelling, or discomfort. It can also produce elevated levels of certain proteins and hormones in the blood, which can be used for diagnostic purposes.
Yolk sac tumors are considered highly aggressive and have the potential to spread to other organs and tissues, including lymph nodes and distant sites like the lungs or liver. Treatment typically involves a combination of surgery to remove the tumor, chemotherapy to target any remaining cancerous cells, and radiation therapy in some cases.
Although yolk sac tumors are rare, early detection and prompt treatment are crucial for improving the prognosis and survival rates. Close monitoring and follow-up are necessary even after successful treatment, as recurrence and metastasis are possible.
