The intrahepatic bile duct is a component of the biliary system that exists within the liver. It refers to a network of small, thin-walled tubes or ducts found within the liver tissue, primarily responsible for transporting bile. Bile is a yellowish-green fluid produced by the liver that aids in the digestion of fats by emulsifying them.
The intrahepatic bile ducts start from smaller branches known as canaliculi, which are connected to liver cells called hepatocytes. These canaliculi then merge to form larger ducts, which subsequently converge further into even bigger ducts. Eventually, the intrahepatic bile ducts join together to form the common hepatic duct, which exits the liver and combines with the cystic duct to form the common bile duct. The common bile duct transports the bile to the gallbladder, where it is stored until needed for digestion.
The intrahepatic bile ducts have a vital role in the excretion of waste products from the liver, such as bilirubin, cholesterol, and toxins. They also aid in the elimination of other substances, including drugs and metabolic byproducts, from the liver. Intrahepatic bile ducts are lined by specialized cells called cholangiocytes that actively transport electrolytes and water, contributing to the composition and volume of bile.
Diseases or conditions that affect the intrahepatic bile ducts can lead to impaired bile flow, resulting in jaundice, liver damage, and other symptoms. Conditions such as cholangitis, primary biliary cholangitis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis specifically impact the intrahepatic bile ducts and can cause inflammation, obstruction, or scarring within these ducts. Understanding the anatomy and
