How Do You Spell CARBONYLATION?

1. Carbonylation is a chemical reaction process that involves the introduction or formation of a carbonyl group, which is a functional group consisting of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom. This reaction usually occurs in the presence of a metal catalyst, such as nickel, palladium, or rhodium, and involves the coupling of carbon monoxide (CO) with another reactant.

   In carbonylation reactions, the carbonyl group can be added to a variety of organic compounds, including alkenes, alkynes, aromatic compounds, and certain heteroatomic compounds. The carbonyl group can also be introduced into inorganic compounds.

   Carbonylation reactions have significant applications in both academia and industry. They are employed in the synthesis of a wide range of important organic compounds, including pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, fine chemicals, and even larger-scale chemical products such as polymers. These reactions can often proceed under mild reaction conditions, making them highly efficient and suitable for large-scale production.

   Carbonylation reactions can be classified into different types, including homogeneous, heterogeneous, and enzymatic carbonylation. Homogeneous carbonylation refers to reactions that occur in a homogeneous phase, where reactants and catalyst are in the same state, typically as liquids. Heterogeneous carbonylation, on the other hand, involves a solid catalyst and typically occurs in gas-liquid systems. Enzymatic carbonylation refers to carbonylation reactions catalyzed by enzymes, which are biological catalysts.

   Overall, carbonylation is a versatile chemical reaction that plays a crucial role in the synthesis of various organic and inorganic compounds, enabling the production of many essential materials in industry and research.

The word "carbonylation" comes from the combination of two root words: "carbon" and "oxygenation".

The first root word, "carbon", originates from the Latin word "carbo" meaning "coal" or "charcoal". It is related to other Latin words such as "carbunculus" (a small coal), "carbonarius" (pertaining to coal), and "carbo" itself (charcoal).

The second root word, "oxygenation", is derived from the word "oxygen". "Oxygen" comes from the French word "oxygène", which was coined by combining the Greek words "oxus" meaning "acid" or "sharp" and "gennan" meaning "generate" or "produce".

When combining these roots, "carbon" and "oxygenation", the term "carbonylation" is formed.

Plural form of CARBONYLATION is CARBONYLATIONS