Bufo microscaphus is a particular species of toad that belongs to the family Bufonidae. It is commonly known as the Arizona toad or the canyon toad. This species of toad is endemic to North America, specifically found in the southwestern United States, including parts of Arizona, New Mexico, and western Texas.
Physically, the Bufo microscaphus has a robust body with thick, warty skin, which provides a unique texture and appearance. The average adult toad from this species measures about 2.5 to 3 inches in length, with females generally being larger than males. They are typically brown or greyish-brown in color, allowing them to blend in with their surroundings and providing camouflage.
Arizona toads are primarily found in canyons, hence their common name, and other rocky habitats near water bodies such as streams, rivers, and springs. These amphibians are predominantly nocturnal in nature, meaning they are most active during the night. They feed on various invertebrates, including insects, spiders, and worms.
This species plays a vital role in the ecosystem as it helps control insect populations and serves as a prey item for other predators. Bufo microscaphus, like other toads, possesses toxin glands known as parotoid glands. These glands secrete a toxic substance as a defense mechanism against potential threats, serving as protection from predators.
Considering the diverse and unique characteristics of the Arizona toad, its distinct habitat preference, and its ecological role, Bufo microscaphus exhibits a remarkable adaptability to the southwestern US's arid and rocky environments.
