Beet yellow stunt virus (BYSV), also known as Beet yellows virus, is a plant pathogenic virus that primarily infects sugar beets (Beta vulgaris), a root vegetable grown for its high sugar content. BYSV belongs to the genus Polerovirus in the family Luteoviridae. It is transmitted by aphids in a persistent, circulative, non-propagative manner, meaning that once aphids acquire the virus, it can be retained and transmitted to healthy plants during feeding activities.
Symptoms of BYSV infection in sugar beets include yellowing and stunting of young leaves, hence its name. Infected plants may also exhibit reduced root growth, poor root yield, and overall decreased vigor. The virus can affect sugar beet crops at various growth stages, from seedling to mature plants, resulting in significant economic losses for growers.
The virus has a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome, which encodes for proteins involved in viral replication, movement, and evasion of host defenses. By interfering with plant hormone regulation and physiological processes, BYSV causes disruptions in sugar beet growth and development.
Management strategies for BYSV mainly focus on prevention and control of aphids, by using insecticides or employing physical barriers, such as screens, to exclude vectors. Additionally, certified virus-free seed and resistant cultivars can be used to reduce the risk of BYSV infection.
Overall, Beet yellow stunt virus poses a threat to sugar beet cultivation and requires diligent monitoring and appropriate management practices to minimize its impact on crop productivity.
